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Colombia Economic Forecast

Colombia Economic Outlook

Annual GDP growth held up well in Q1 despite the sharpest-ever interest rate hikes. Turning to Q2, our panelists expect GDP growth to be slowing in year-on-year terms and declining slightly in quarter-on-quarter terms. However, economic developments thus far have been upbeat: The manufacturing PMI rose in April, while inflation ticked down. Recent political developments have been tumultuous: The president asked the entirety of his Cabinet to resign on 25 April after his coalition government broke down due to disagreements regarding a health reform. In a special survey we conducted, our panelists expect the new administration in 2023 and 2024 to continue respecting the fiscal rule and central bank independence. However, Colombian financial assets and governability will likely take a moderate hit.

Colombia Inflation

Inflation eased to 12.8% in April from March’s over two-decade high of 13.3%. Inflation should decline ahead as domestic demand cools and the base effect toughens. That said, inflation is seen staying well above the Central Bank’s 2.0–4.0% target even at the end of 2023. Key factors to watch include fiscal stimulus and the strength of the peso.

This chart displays Economic Growth (GDP, annual variation in %) for Colombia from 2013 to 2022.

Colombia Economic Data

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Population (million) 47.4 48.3 49.4 50.4 51.0
GDP (USD bn) 312 334 323 270 319
GDP per capita (USD) 6,577 6,924 6,541 5,363 6,241
GDP (COP tn) 920 988 1,060 998 1,193
Economic Growth (Nominal GDP, ann. var. %) 6.6 7.3 7.3 -5.9 19.5
Economic Growth (GDP, ann. var. %) 1.4 2.6 3.2 -7.3 11.0
Domestic Demand (ann. var. %) 1.1 3.5 4.0 -7.6 13.4
Total Consumption (ann. var. %) 2.3 4.0 4.3 -4.1 13.6
Private Consumption (ann. var. %) 2.1 3.2 4.1 -4.9 14.5
Government Consumption (ann. var. %) 3.6 7.4 5.3 -0.8 9.8
Fixed Investment (ann. var. %) 1.9 1.0 2.2 -24.0 17.3
Exports (G&S, ann. var. %) 2.6 0.6 3.1 -22.7 15.9
Imports (G&S, ann. var. %) 1.0 5.8 7.3 -19.9 26.7
Manufacturing Production (ann. var. %) -0.5 2.9 1.5 -8.1 16.1
Retail Sales (ann. var. %) -0.1 5.4 8.1 -1.7 12.1
Unemployment (% of active population, aop) 9.7 10.0 10.9 16.7 13.8
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -3.7 -3.1 -2.5 -7.8 -7.0
Public Debt (% of GDP) 46.4 49.3 50.3 65.1 63.1
Money (ann. var. of M2 %) 7.1 5.0 8.7 14.3 11.8
Inflation (CPI, ann. var. %, eop) 4.1 3.2 3.8 1.6 5.6
Inflation (CPI, ann. var. %, aop) 4.3 3.2 3.5 2.5 3.5
Inflation (Core, ann. var. %, eop) 4.2 3.2 3.8 1.9 4.4
Policy Interest Rate (%, eop) 4.75 4.25 4.25 1.75 3.00
90-day DTF (%, eop) 5.21 4.54 4.48 1.89 3.21
10-Year Bond Yield (%, eop) 6.74 7.02 6.42 5.76 8.46
Stock Market (ann. var. of MSCI IMI %) 12.0 -12.4 25.4 -13.5 -1.9
Exchange Rate (COP per USD, eop) 2,984 3,250 3,277 3,433 3,981
Exchange Rate (COP per USD, aop) 2,951 2,956 3,281 3,693 3,743
Current Account Balance (USD bn) -9.9 -14.0 -14.8 -9.3 -18.0
Current Account Balance (% of GDP) -3.2 -4.2 -4.6 -3.5 -5.6
Merchandise Trade Balance (USD bn) -4.3 -6.4 -9.9 -8.9 -14.0
Merchandise Exports (USD bn) 39.8 43.0 40.7 32.3 42.7
Merchandise Imports (USD bn) 44.1 49.4 50.5 41.2 56.7
Merchandise Exports (ann. var. %) 16.8 8.1 -5.4 -20.5 32.3
Merchandise Imports (ann. var. %) 1.9 12.1 2.3 -18.5 37.7
Foreign Direct Investment (USD bn) 14 11 14 7 9
International Reserves (USD bn) 47.6 48.4 53.2 59.0 58.6
International Reserves (months of imports) 13.0 11.8 12.6 17.2 12.4
External Debt (USD bn) 125 132 139 155 171
External Debt (% of GDP) 40.0 39.6 42.9 57.2 53.8

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